Extent and Economic Value of Manta Ray Watching in Maldives

January 2011

R. Charles Anderson, M. Shiham Adam, Anne-Marie Kitchen-Wheeler & Guy Stevens

Keywords: Manta Ray • Maldives • Wildlife Tourism • Economic Value

Summary: Reef manta rays (Manta alfredi) attract a significant number of tourists in the Maldives. This study aimed to evaluate the scale and economic value of manta ray watching through surveys and interviews with divers. It identified 91 manta dive sites, with an estimated 143,000 dives and over 14,000 snorkels annually from 2006 to 2008. This activity generated approximately US$8.1 million per year in direct revenue. The growth of manta ray watching has supported research and conservation efforts. However, popular dive sites may be negatively impacting manta populations due to high visitor numbers. Improved tourist education and potential regulation of diver numbers are suggested to address this issue.

Abstract

“Manta rays, Manta alfredi, are a major attraction for tourist divers and snorkelers in the Republic of Maldives (central Indian Ocean). The aims of this study were to assess the extent and economic value of manta ray watching in the Maldives, by surveys of tourist numbers at manta diving sites, and from interviews with experienced divers. Ninety-one manta dive sites were identified, where tourists made an estimated 143,000 dives and over 14,000 snorkels annually during 2006–2008. This was estimated to be worth about US$8.1 million per year in direct revenue. The growth of manta ray watching has provided support for both research and conservation in the Maldives. However, there are indications that at the most popular manta dive sites the large numbers of visiting divers and snorkelers may be having a negative impact on manta numbers. There is a need for improved tourist education, and perhaps for regulation of diver numbers at some sites.”

Author Affiliations

  • Manta Marine Pvt Ltd

  • Marine Research Institute (MMRI)

  • School of Biology, University of Newcastle

  • The Maldives Manta Conservation Programme

  • The Manta Trust

Funded by

  • Four Seasons Resorts Maldives